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Community Development Journal 36:53-62 (2001)
© 2001 Community Development Journal and Oxford University Press

Article

participation, appropriate technology, gender, Iranian nomads

S Hamd Haidari0 and * *

0 Razi University, Iran,
Department of Cultural Studies and Sociology, School of Social Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK,
Corresponding author, E-mail: S.A.Wright@Bham.ac.uk

Participation (mosharekat) is guaranteed under the constitution of the Islamic Republic, whose priorities are to enhance the economic conditions and power of marginalised areas and poor people, including villagers and nomads, and to use the country's own considerable human and technological resources in appropriate development. However, the meaning of 'participation' has been long debated and its implementation is often contradictory. After reviewing three phases in approaches to participatory development, an ethnographic study of Kalhor nomads in west Iran explores how ministries' continuing 'top-down' approach and the weakness of local institutions inhibits understanding of the differential and gendered impacts of existing technological developments and of women and poor people's ideas of what would constitute 'development'.

Keywords:participation, appropriate technology, gender, Iranian nomads


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